Tricuspid valve disease · Decision guide

Tricuspid valve disease: repair, replacement and catheter options

Understand the cause and severity of a tricuspid leak, when to compare surgery with catheter treatment, and why right-heart function matters.

Research by Yevhenii Kozlov · Co-Founder of BookimedUpdated 8 October 2026Sources linked throughout

At a glance

Tricuspid treatment depends on leakage or narrowing, symptoms and right-heart function. Medicines relieve congestion; surgical or catheter treatment can address the valve in selected patients.

A mild leak may need no procedure

More significant disease is assessed alongside right-ventricular function, lung pressures and contributing conditions.

Sources: Tricuspid valve regurgitation: diagnosis and treatment

Catheter treatment still has risks

Tricuspid replacement can improve patient outcomes but serious bleeding and permanent pacing occurred in the FDA evidence.

Sources: EVOQUE transcatheter tricuspid replacement: FDA approval overview

Another valve operation changes the decision

The 2025 European guidance includes concomitant treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation during left-sided valve surgery.

Sources: 2025 ESC/EACTS valvular heart disease guideline: official recommendation slides

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Benefits and trade-offs

Potential advantages

Trade-offs and limits

A small leak and advanced right-heart disease need different answers

A trace or mild leak may need no procedure. With more important regurgitation, the assessment includes right-heart size and pumping function, lung pressures, congestion and related heart disease.

Leakage can arise from diseased leaflets or enlargement of the chambers and valve ring. Pacemaker leads, left-sided valve disease and atrial fibrillation can contribute. Repair or replacement must address that mechanism to work.

Sources: Tricuspid valve regurgitation: diagnosis and treatment · 2020 ACC/AHA valve guideline: mitral stenosis and tricuspid disease

What each treatment is trying to do

TreatmentPotential benefitLimitation
MedicinesReduce congestion and manage contributing diseaseDo not mechanically repair a leaking valve
Surgical repairPreserve the native valveRequires a feasible durable reconstruction
Surgical replacementTreat an inadequately repairable valveIntroduces prosthesis-related long-term care
Tricuspid TEERReduce regurgitation with catheter-delivered leaflet clipsRequires suitable leaflet anatomy; residual leakage can remain
Catheter replacementReplace a valve without conventional surgical access in selected patientsAnatomy, device availability and procedural risk restrict eligibility

Sources: Tricuspid valve regurgitation: diagnosis and treatment · Tricuspid valve repair and replacement · EVOQUE transcatheter tricuspid replacement: FDA approval overview

Do not leave referral until only the valve grade is considered

The 2025 European guideline supports considering catheter treatment for symptomatic severe regurgitation despite optimal medical therapy in patients at high surgical risk, without severe right-ventricular dysfunction or pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. Suitability still depends on anatomy and specialist assessment.

When left-sided valve surgery is planned, severe tricuspid regurgitation generally calls for treatment during the same operation; repair should also be considered for moderate regurgitation. This can address both valve problems in one surgical admission.

Sources: 2025 ESC/EACTS valvular heart disease guideline: official recommendation slides

If the report says tricuspid stenosis

Stenosis restricts blood entering the right ventricle and may coexist with leakage. It needs a separate discussion from clip treatment for regurgitation. Severe symptomatic stenosis, or severe stenosis during a left-sided valve intervention, is a surgical indication in the 2025 European guidance.

Balloon treatment can widen selected narrowed tricuspid valves; associated leakage and valve anatomy can make surgery more appropriate. Congenital conditions such as Ebstein anomaly and tricuspid atresia follow their own specialist pathways.

Sources: 2025 ESC/EACTS valvular heart disease guideline: official recommendation slides · Tricuspid valve disease: diagnosis and treatment · Tricuspid valve repair and replacement

A better scan is one outcome; feeling and living better are others

Reduced leakage on a scan, better daily function, fewer admissions and longer survival are separate outcomes. FDA evidence for EVOQUE describes benefits alongside serious early complications, including bleeding and permanent pacing.

Right-ventricular function, pulmonary pressures and kidney or liver disease affect the balance of benefit and risk. A catheter procedure does not eliminate major cardiac risks.

Sources: EVOQUE transcatheter tricuspid replacement: FDA approval overview · Tricuspid valve repair and replacement · Tricuspid valve regurgitation: diagnosis and treatment

Specialists for this treatment pathway

Explore each specialist’s clinical focus, current programme and the studies relevant to this treatment. The listed roles include cardiac surgeons and, where appropriate, interventional cardiologists.

New York · United States

interventional cardiologist

Susheel K. Kodali →

Kodali is an NYU interventional cardiologist specialising in catheter valve therapies, including tricuspid treatment. His trial work examines symptoms and quality of life alongside bleeding and pacemaker risks.

Sources: Susheel K. Kodali, MD — physician profile · NYU welcomes Susheel Kodali to lead interventional cardiology · Transcatheter Valve Replacement in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation.

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