{"schema_version":"bookimed.page-context.v1","id":"organ-thyroid-head-neck","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/organ-thyroid-head-neck/","json_url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/organ-thyroid-head-neck/#page-context","content_revision":"prepared-registry-v2","date_modified":"2026-10-21","language":"en","kind":"guide","title":"thyroid_head_neck","summary":"For thyroid cancer, two separate choices are how much thyroid to remove and how to reach it. Lobectomy removes one lobe, while total thyroidectomy removes the whole thyroid. The appropriate extent depends on the cancer type and its spread. Remote-access surgery changes the route to the thyroid rather than making every cancer suitable for a smaller operation. It can improve cosmetic satisfaction compared with an open neck approach, but involves approach-specific risks and often longer operating time. For laryngeal cancer, total laryngectomy removes the voice box; organ-preserving treatment aims to treat the cancer without removing it. These choices involve both cancer control and future function.","research_credit":{"name":"Yevhenii Kozlov","role":"Co-Founder of Bookimed","url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/ceo/kozlov/","contribution":"Research project led","assistance":"For me, helping patients find the best medical care is a personal responsibility. This guide is built by a process we designed to do the hard part — reading the research, comparing surgeons and clinics, checking real offers — and to make the result simple and clear for every patient. AI tools do much of the work; every fact links to its source."},"editorial_scope":"Source-linked research and public provider information. Individual treatment requires clinical assessment.","research_method":"How this guide is researched and compared Research project led by Yevhenii Kozlov .","sections":[{"id":"narrative-mechanism_and_choices","title":"How surgery works and how approaches differ","text":"How surgery works and how approaches differ For thyroid cancer, two separate choices are how much thyroid to remove and how to reach it. Lobectomy removes one lobe, while total thyroidectomy removes the whole thyroid. The appropriate extent depends on the cancer type and its spread. Remote-access surgery changes the route to the thyroid rather than making every cancer suitable for a smaller operation. It can improve cosmetic satisfaction compared with an open neck approach, but involves approach-specific risks and often longer operating time. For laryngeal cancer, total laryngectomy removes the voice box; organ-preserving treatment aims to treat the cancer without removing it. These choices involve both cancer control and future function. Sources (4) Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Remote-Access Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: A 2025 Consensus Statement from the Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Thyroid Association, European Society of Endocrine Surgeons, and Latin American Thyroid Society. Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","links":[{"label":"Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41337976/"},{"label":"Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746657/"},{"label":"Remote-Access Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: A 2025 Consensus Statement from the Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Thyroid Association, European Society of Endocrine Surgeons, and Latin American Thyroid Society.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41173534/"},{"label":"Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41329200/"}]},{"id":"methods-evidence","title":"Methods and what the numbers show","text":"Methods and what the numbers show Other methods with evidence","links":[],"tables":[[["Method","What it is","What the numbers show"],["Removal of half the thyroid","Removal of half the thyroid.","We found no significant differences between hemithyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy in recurrence rates [RR: 1.036, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.698-1.538], OS (RR: 0.995; 95% CI: 0.985-1.006), or DSS (RR: 1.001; 95% CI: 0.998-1.005). Study follow-up: Of these, 88.4% underwent total thyroidectomy and 11.6% (n=20,435) underwent hemithyroidectomy, with a mean follow-up time of 8 years.; The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommended hemithyroidectomy as an acceptable treatment for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) tumors 1-4 cm. [2] The pooled 20-year overall survival rate after TT ± RAI was 96·8 per cent, compared with 97·4 per cent for HT (OR 1·30, 0·71 to 2·37; P = 0·40). 20-year; Evidence for limiting the extent of surgery in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer is lacking. [3] The 8-year overall survival rates were 97.2% (95% CI 95.6-98.8%) for total thyroidectomy versus 96.1% (95% CI 94.2-97.9%) for hemithyroidectomy (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.44-1.42, p = 0.43). 8-year; The optimal surgical approach for patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. [4]"],["Removal of the voice box","Removal of the voice box.","The pooled 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were TL = 73%, CRT = 74.7%, RT = 57.9%, 3-year OS rates were TL = 64.3%, CRT = 62.9%, RT = 52.4%, and 5-year OS rates were TL = 54.2%, CRT = 52.7%, RT = 40.8%. 2-year; 3-year; 5-year; Survival Outcomes in T3 Laryngeal Cancers: Primary Total Laryngectomy vs. Concurrent Chemoradiation or Radiation Therapy-A Meta-Analysis. — The qualitative data synthesis comprised 10,940 patients from 16 included studies. [5] The among the analyzed risk factors-comorbidities (OR 2.781, R: 1.892-4.088, P < 0.001), site of tumor (OR 4.485, R: 3.003-6.699, P < 0.001), low pre-operative hemoglobin (OR 3.590, R: 2.130-6.050, P < 0.001), low pre-operative albumin (OR 2.833, R: 1.596-5.031, P < 0.001), utilization of surgical staplers (OR 0.172, R: 0.064-0.460, P < 0.001) (protective effect), positive mucosal margin (OR 4.92 R: 1.90-12.75, P = 0.001). Assessment: surgical specimen margins on tissue examination; Human studies reporting at least one risk factor for developing PCF in patients undergoing primary total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer were included. [6] No significant difference existed between END vs observation in 5-year disease free survival (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, CI = 0.49-1.17, P = .21, I2 = 10%) and overall survival (OS; OR = 0.96, CI = 0.65-1.41, P = .82, I2 = 54%). 5-year; Approximately 30% of nonsurgically treated patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma will suffer recurrence, and many will be clinically N0; the indication for elective neck dissection (END) remains uncertain. [7]"],["Removal of a thyroid lobe","Removal of a thyroid lobe.","The results indicated that lobectomy has a lower risk of complications (risk ratio: 0.21, 95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.70, P = .01) compared with total thyroidectomy, especially for transient hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.05, P < .00001), permanent hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.26, P = .0002), and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (risk ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.91, P = .02). Study follow-up: The mean duration of follow-up was 76.9 months.; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Furthermore, lobectomy and total thyroidectomy showed similar effects on 5-year recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.56, P = .91) and recurrence rate (risk ratio = 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.77-1.58, P = .61). 5-year; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Mortality did not differ at 5 years (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.07-1.35) or beyond (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.40-2.47). 5 years; Of 341 tumors, 280 (82.1%) lacked extrathyroidal extension, 284 of 401 tumors (70.8%) measured smaller than 2 cm (70.8%), and 197 of 343 tumors (57.4%) were node negative; central neck dissection was performed in 445 of 492 patients (90.4%). [9]"],["Open removal of part of the voice box","Open removal of part of the voice box.","The OPL group showed superior 5-year outcomes: OS (93.6% vs. 65.2%, HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.139–0.845, P = 0.020), DFS (90.6% vs. 60.5%, HR = 0.349, 95% CI: 0.152–0.805, P = 0.014), DSS (95.9% vs. 79.2%, HR = 0.142, 95% CI: 0.043–0.473, P = 0.001), and LC (97.2% vs. 75.8%, HR = 0.069, 95% CI: 0.015–0.327, P < 0.001). 5-year; METHODS: A retrospective analysis included 152 patients with primary T2 glottic cancer involving the AC, initially treated between 2012 and 2022 (38 TOLMS, 114 OPL). [10]"],["Removal of part of the voice box","Removal of part of the voice box.","The OPL group showed superior 5-year outcomes: OS (93.6% vs. 65.2%, HR = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.139–0.845, P = 0.020), DFS (90.6% vs. 60.5%, HR = 0.349, 95% CI: 0.152–0.805, P = 0.014), DSS (95.9% vs. 79.2%, HR = 0.142, 95% CI: 0.043–0.473, P = 0.001), and LC (97.2% vs. 75.8%, HR = 0.069, 95% CI: 0.015–0.327, P < 0.001). 5-year; METHODS: A retrospective analysis included 152 patients with primary T2 glottic cancer involving the AC, initially treated between 2012 and 2022 (38 TOLMS, 114 OPL). [10] Post-PSM, the 5-year overall survival (89.4% vs. 88.4%, p = 0.879), 5-year cancer-specific survival (91.9% vs. 90.1%, p = 0.554), and 5-year local relapse-free survival (87.2% vs. 89.3%, p = 0.487) rates did not differ significantly between the two groups. 5-year; We aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with T1-T2N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma who underwent either partial laryngectomy (PL) or radiotherapy (RT). [11] However, the 5-year regional relapse-free survival rate was significantly higher in the RT group than that in the PL group (99.3% vs. 93.3%, p = 0.009). 5-year; We aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with T1-T2N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma who underwent either partial laryngectomy (PL) or radiotherapy (RT). [11]"],["Robot-assisted removal of thyroid tissue","Robot-assisted removal of thyroid tissue.","Recurrence occurred in 97 patients (0.9%). Study follow-up: Median follow-up was 67 months (IQR 56-91).; Locoregional recurrence after transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: long-term outcomes in 10,504 patients. — We retrospectively analyzed 10,504 patients with DTC who underwent TART at a single institution from 2007 to 2024. [12] Recurrence was single site in 89.7% (n = 87) and multi-site in 10.3% (n = 10). Study follow-up: Median follow-up was 67 months (IQR 56-91).; Locoregional recurrence after transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: long-term outcomes in 10,504 patients. — We retrospectively analyzed 10,504 patients with DTC who underwent TART at a single institution from 2007 to 2024. [12] ILN recurrence was independently associated with N1a disease (adjusted OR 9.70, 95% CI 3.22-33.08; p<0.001), whereas N1b status was not significant after adjustment. Study follow-up: Median follow-up was 67 months (IQR 56-91).; Locoregional recurrence after transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: long-term outcomes in 10,504 patients. — We retrospectively analyzed 10,504 patients with DTC who underwent TART at a single institution from 2007 to 2024. [12]"],["Removal of thyroid tissue","Removal of thyroid tissue.","The results indicated that lobectomy has a lower risk of complications (risk ratio: 0.21, 95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.70, P = .01) compared with total thyroidectomy, especially for transient hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.05, P < .00001), permanent hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.26, P = .0002), and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (risk ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.91, P = .02). Study follow-up: The mean duration of follow-up was 76.9 months.; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Furthermore, lobectomy and total thyroidectomy showed similar effects on 5-year recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.56, P = .91) and recurrence rate (risk ratio = 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.77-1.58, P = .61). 5-year; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Mortality did not differ at 5 years (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.07-1.35) or beyond (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.40-2.47). 5 years; Of 341 tumors, 280 (82.1%) lacked extrathyroidal extension, 284 of 401 tumors (70.8%) measured smaller than 2 cm (70.8%), and 197 of 343 tumors (57.4%) were node negative; central neck dissection was performed in 445 of 492 patients (90.4%). [9]"],["Removal of the whole voice box","Removal of the whole voice box.","The pooled 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were TL = 73%, CRT = 74.7%, RT = 57.9%, 3-year OS rates were TL = 64.3%, CRT = 62.9%, RT = 52.4%, and 5-year OS rates were TL = 54.2%, CRT = 52.7%, RT = 40.8%. 2-year; 3-year; 5-year; Survival Outcomes in T3 Laryngeal Cancers: Primary Total Laryngectomy vs. Concurrent Chemoradiation or Radiation Therapy-A Meta-Analysis. — The qualitative data synthesis comprised 10,940 patients from 16 included studies. [5] The among the analyzed risk factors-comorbidities (OR 2.781, R: 1.892-4.088, P < 0.001), site of tumor (OR 4.485, R: 3.003-6.699, P < 0.001), low pre-operative hemoglobin (OR 3.590, R: 2.130-6.050, P < 0.001), low pre-operative albumin (OR 2.833, R: 1.596-5.031, P < 0.001), utilization of surgical staplers (OR 0.172, R: 0.064-0.460, P < 0.001) (protective effect), positive mucosal margin (OR 4.92 R: 1.90-12.75, P = 0.001). Assessment: surgical specimen margins on tissue examination; Human studies reporting at least one risk factor for developing PCF in patients undergoing primary total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer were included. [6] No significant difference existed between END vs observation in 5-year disease free survival (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, CI = 0.49-1.17, P = .21, I2 = 10%) and overall survival (OS; OR = 0.96, CI = 0.65-1.41, P = .82, I2 = 54%). 5-year; Approximately 30% of nonsurgically treated patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma will suffer recurrence, and many will be clinically N0; the indication for elective neck dissection (END) remains uncertain. [7]"],["Removal of the whole thyroid","Removal of the whole thyroid.","The results indicated that lobectomy has a lower risk of complications (risk ratio: 0.21, 95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.70, P = .01) compared with total thyroidectomy, especially for transient hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.01, 95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.05, P < .00001), permanent hypoparathyroidism (risk ratio: 0.06, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.26, P = .0002), and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (risk ratio: 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-0.91, P = .02). Study follow-up: The mean duration of follow-up was 76.9 months.; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Furthermore, lobectomy and total thyroidectomy showed similar effects on 5-year recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.56, P = .91) and recurrence rate (risk ratio = 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.77-1.58, P = .61). 5-year; Indexed databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched from 2010 to 2025 comparing lobectomy and total thyroidectomy in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis. [8] Mortality did not differ at 5 years (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.07-1.35) or beyond (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.40-2.47). 5 years; Of 341 tumors, 280 (82.1%) lacked extrathyroidal extension, 284 of 401 tumors (70.8%) measured smaller than 2 cm (70.8%), and 197 of 343 tumors (57.4%) were node negative; central neck dissection was performed in 445 of 492 patients (90.4%). [9]"]]]},{"id":"narrative-indications_and_alternatives","title":"When surgery may help and what alternatives to discuss","text":"When surgery may help and what alternatives to discuss A treatment discussion should distinguish the exact cancer type, its extent and your priorities. Research on a smaller thyroid operation in unilateral papillary cancer with lateral neck lymph-node spread excluded cancers with obvious extension outside the thyroid and aggressive subtypes; those findings should not be applied to every thyroid cancer. Total thyroidectomy remains the established standard for medullary thyroid cancer, although lobectomy is being studied in selected patients with disease on one side that is not hereditary. For T3 laryngeal cancer, radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy can be alternatives to total laryngectomy for selected patients. Discuss cancer control alongside swallowing, voice-related goals and the possibility of needing surgery if cancer returns. Treatment selection should incorporate your preferences and the team's expertise. If considering remote-access thyroid surgery, ask about the surgeon's training and experience with that specific approach and how your disease affects eligibility; cosmetic preference is only one part of that decision. Sources (4) Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Remote-Access Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: A 2025 Consensus Statement from the Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Thyroid Association, European Society of Endocrine Surgeons, and Latin American Thyroid Society.","links":[{"label":"Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41337976/"},{"label":"Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746657/"},{"label":"Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41329200/"},{"label":"Remote-Access Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy: A 2025 Consensus Statement from the Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery, American Head and Neck Society, American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, American Thyroid Association, European Society of Endocrine Surgeons, and Latin American Thyroid Society.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41173534/"}]},{"id":"narrative-outcomes_and_limits","title":"Expected outcomes and limits of the evidence","text":"Expected outcomes and limits of the evidence In a 2026 review of six studies involving 1,894 people with unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral neck lymph-node spread, five-year recurrence-free survival was similar after lobectomy and total thyroidectomy. The hazard ratio was 1.03, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.68–1.56; this compares the rate of recurrence-related events over time, not an individual patient's percentage chance of cure. Average follow-up was 76.9 months. The analysis excluded obvious extension outside the thyroid and aggressive subtypes, and its authors called for prospective confirmation. For sporadic medullary thyroid cancer, a 2026 review included nine retrospective studies with 1,371 patients: 531 had lobectomy and 840 had total thyroidectomy. Five-year overall survival was similar, with a relative risk of 1.02 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.94–1.11. Mortality also did not differ statistically at five years, but these selected patient groups do not establish that the operations are interchangeable. Most studies had moderate or high risk of bias. These are research comparisons, not a surgeon's or clinic's personal outcome statistics. Sources (2) Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","links":[{"label":"Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41337976/"},{"label":"Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746657/"}]},{"id":"narrative-risks","title":"Risks to discuss with your surgeon","text":"Risks to discuss with your surgeon Thyroid surgery can affect parathyroid function and calcium levels, and can injure the recurrent laryngeal nerve. A 2026 review identified thyroid cancer patients having total thyroidectomy with lateral neck dissection as a particularly high-risk group for reduced parathyroid function around the operation. The extent of surgery therefore belongs in the risk discussion, not just the cancer-control discussion. After total laryngectomy, important complications include an abnormal connection between the throat and skin, called a pharyngocutaneous fistula, and narrowing of the food passage. Prior radiation or chemoradiation was associated with more narrowing in a 2026 review, but these associations do not prove cause and effect. Persistent fistulas may require revision surgery. Cancer recurrence after organ-preserving laryngeal treatment can also lead to a later total laryngectomy. Sources (5) Risk factors of perioperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Comparative safety of completion thyroidectomy following lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy in differentiated thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Risk Factors for Esophageal Stricturing Status Post Total Laryngectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy: IFOS Consensus on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management. Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","links":[{"label":"Risk factors of perioperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41217744/"},{"label":"Comparative safety of completion thyroidectomy following lobectomy versus total thyroidectomy in differentiated thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41980321/"},{"label":"Risk Factors for Esophageal Stricturing Status Post Total Laryngectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41779178/"},{"label":"Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy: IFOS Consensus on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42625481/"},{"label":"Comparative effectiveness of total laryngectomy versus organ preservation in T3 laryngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41329200/"}]},{"id":"narrative-recovery_and_followup","title":"Recovery and follow-up care","text":"Recovery and follow-up care For total laryngectomy, preparation and recovery planning include nutrition before surgery, feeding support afterwards and structured checks for healing problems. An international expert consensus published in 2026 supported these measures and revision surgery for persistent fistulas, but did not agree on one time to restart eating by mouth. Your feeding plan therefore needs to be discussed with the treating team rather than based on a universal recovery date. Swallowing assessment after laryngectomy includes your medical and swallowing history, your account of difficulties, observed swallowing tasks and referral when needed. Thyroid function also deserves attention before and after laryngectomy, particularly when treatment involves removal of part of the thyroid, radiotherapy or neck dissection. A 2026 review identified these as factors associated with an underactive thyroid. These follow-up needs are distinct from assessing whether the cancer has returned. Sources (3) Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy: IFOS Consensus on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management. Clinical Swallow Examination Following Laryngectomy: An International e-Delphi Consensus Process. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of hypothyroidism following laryngectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","links":[{"label":"Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy: IFOS Consensus on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42625481/"},{"label":"Clinical Swallow Examination Following Laryngectomy: An International e-Delphi Consensus Process.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39838111/"},{"label":"Incidence, risk factors and prevention of hypothyroidism following laryngectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40663012/"}]},{"id":"explore","title":"Explore surgery and care teams","text":"Explore surgery and care teams Thyroid resection Throat cancer operation Tongue cancer surgery Thyroid_head_neck surgery surgeons Thyroid resection surgeons Throat cancer operation surgeons Tongue cancer surgery surgeons Thyroid_head_neck surgery clinics Thyroid resection clinics Throat cancer operation clinics Tongue cancer surgery clinics","links":[{"label":"Thyroid resection","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/method-oncosurgery-op50/"},{"label":"Throat cancer operation","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/method-oncosurgery-op686/"},{"label":"Tongue cancer surgery","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/method-oncosurgery-op687/"},{"label":"Thyroid_head_neck surgery surgeons","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeons-organ-thyroid-head-neck/"},{"label":"Thyroid resection surgeons","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeons-method-oncosurgery-op50/"},{"label":"Throat cancer operation surgeons","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeons-method-oncosurgery-op686/"},{"label":"Tongue cancer surgery surgeons","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeons-method-oncosurgery-op687/"},{"label":"Thyroid_head_neck surgery clinics","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinics-organ-thyroid-head-neck/"},{"label":"Thyroid resection clinics","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinics-method-oncosurgery-op50/"},{"label":"Throat cancer operation clinics","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinics-method-oncosurgery-op686/"},{"label":"Tongue cancer surgery clinics","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinics-method-oncosurgery-op687/"}]},{"id":"specialists","title":"Specialists and their operations","text":"Specialists and their operations Czech Republic · 1 entries Turkey · 1–12 of 15 entries Turkey · 13–15 of 15 entries Germany · 4 entries Spain · 2 entries Israel · 1 entries Austria · 1 entries Sources (24) Jaroslav Tvaruzek Mustafa Solak Viola Fox Bulent Karagoz Kemal Rasa Xavier Centeno Fornies Yusuf Acikgoz Mehmet Akif Aydin Selin Kapan Wolfgang Schröder Kivanc Derya Peker Hanifi Onalan Ralf Buhl Salih Murat Imer Ramazan Sari Hasan Ozgur Ozdemir Ramazan Uyar Halil   Can Dan Fliss Andreas Sesterhenn Tayfun Apuhan Jose Maria Raventos Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerhard Prager Erkan Karatas","links":[{"label":"","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-323/"},{"label":"Jaroslav Tvaruzek","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-323/"},{"label":"Robotic Surgery Center in St. Zdislava Hospital","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-264/"},{"label":"","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-2922/"},{"label":"Mustafa Solak","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-2922/"},{"label":"Hisar Hospital Intercontinental","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-426/"},{"label":"","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-2012/"},{"label":"Bulent Karagoz","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeon-bookimed-2012/"},{"label":"Anadolu Medical 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Melanoma surgery; Nephrectomy; Stomach cancer surgery; Da Vinci Robotic System; Esophagectomy; Small intestine resection; Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy; Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP); Breast cancer surgery; Hysterectomy (uterus removal); Lumpectomy; Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC); Whipple surgery; Orchiectomy; Mohs microsurgery; Hysterectomy with DaVinci robot; Lung cancer surgery; Bladder removal; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Removal of meningioma; Rectal resection; Removal of testicle tumor; Throat cancer operation; Tongue cancer surgery; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery; Bladder removal with reconstruction; Laparoscopic Hysterectomy In practice since 2006","Ask about treatment"],["Bulent Karagoz","Anadolu Medical Center Istanbul, Turkey","Mastectomy; Melanoma surgery; Stomach cancer surgery; Breast cancer surgery; Whipple surgery; Lung cancer surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Rectal resection; Throat cancer operation In practice since 1993","Ask about treatment"],["Kemal Rasa","Anadolu Medical Center Istanbul, Turkey","Mastectomy; Thyroid resection; Breast cancer surgery; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 1997","Ask about treatment"],["Yusuf Acikgoz","Lokman Hekim University Ankara Hospital Ankara, Turkey","Mastectomy; Thyroid resection; Removal of liver cancer; Removal of colon cancer; Stomach cancer surgery; Breast cancer surgery; Tongue cancer surgery; Pancreatic cancer surgery; Bladder removal with reconstruction In practice since 2016","Ask about treatment"],["Mehmet Akif Aydin","Medical Park Bahcelievler Hospital Istanbul, Turkey","Small intestine resection; Breast cancer surgery; Whipple surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Throat cancer operation; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 1998","Ask about treatment"],["Selin Kapan","İstinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı Istanbul, Turkey","Esophagectomy; Small intestine resection; Breast cancer surgery; Lumpectomy; Whipple surgery; Orchiectomy; Lung cancer surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Rectal resection; Throat cancer operation; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 1995","Ask about treatment"],["Kivanc Derya Peker","Hisar Hospital Intercontinental Istanbul, Turkey","Thyroid resection; Removal of liver cancer; Removal of colon cancer; Stomach cancer surgery; Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC); Whipple surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Rectal resection; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 2004","Ask about treatment"],["Hanifi Onalan","Atlas University Hospital Istanbul, Turkey","Thyroid resection; Small intestine resection; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 1999","Ask about treatment"],["Salih Murat Imer","Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital Istanbul, Turkey","Removal of spinal cord tumor; Removal of meningioma; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1985","Ask about treatment"],["Ramazan Sari","Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital Istanbul, Turkey","Removal of spinal cord tumor; Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (MRgFUS); Removal of meningioma; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 2004","Ask about treatment"],["Hasan Ozgur Ozdemir","Medical Park Antalya Hospital Complex Antalya, Turkey","Removal of spinal cord tumor; Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (MRgFUS); Removal of meningioma; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 2002","Ask about treatment"],["Ramazan Uyar","Medical Park Antalya Hospital Complex Antalya, Turkey","Removal of spinal cord tumor; Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (MRgFUS); Removal of meningioma; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1991","Ask about treatment"]],[["Specialist","Clinic","Operations and experience","Ask about treatment"],["Halil   Can","İstinye University Liv Hospital Topkapı Istanbul, Turkey","Removal of spinal cord tumor; Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery (MRgFUS); Removal of meningioma; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 2007","Ask about treatment"],["Tayfun Apuhan","Hisar Hospital Intercontinental Istanbul, Turkey","Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1998","Ask about treatment"],["Erkan Karatas","Atlas University Hospital Istanbul, Turkey","Thyroid resection; Melanoma surgery; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1999","Ask about treatment"]],[["Specialist","Clinic","Operations and experience","Ask about treatment"],["Viola Fox","Medical Center in Solingen Solingen, Germany","Mastectomy; Thyroid resection; Removal of liver cancer; Removal of colon cancer; Prostatectomy; Melanoma surgery; Stomach cancer surgery; Da Vinci Robotic System; Esophagectomy; Small intestine resection; Robotic da Vinci prostatectomy; Breast cancer surgery; Hysterectomy (uterus removal); Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC); Whipple surgery; Hysterectomy with DaVinci robot; Lung cancer surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Removal of meningioma; Rectal resection; Removal of testicle tumor; Throat cancer operation; Tongue cancer surgery; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery; Bladder removal with reconstruction; Laparoscopic Hysterectomy In practice since 2012","Ask about treatment"],["Wolfgang Schröder","Helios Gesundheit Wuppertal, Germany","Removal of liver cancer; Removal of colon cancer; Nephrectomy; Stomach cancer surgery; Da Vinci Robotic System; Esophagectomy; Small intestine resection; Breast cancer surgery; Lumpectomy; Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC); Whipple surgery; Mohs microsurgery; Lung cancer surgery; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Rectal resection; Throat cancer operation; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery In practice since 2001","Ask about treatment"],["Ralf Buhl","Medical Center in Solingen Solingen, Germany","Thyroid resection; Removal of spinal cord tumor; Da Vinci Robotic System; Throat cancer operation; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1998","Ask about treatment"],["Andreas Sesterhenn","Medical Center in Solingen Solingen, Germany","Thyroid resection; Throat cancer operation In practice since 2000","Ask about treatment"]],[["Specialist","Clinic","Operations and experience","Ask about treatment"],["Xavier Centeno Fornies","Centro Médico Teknon Barcelona, Spain","Nephrectomy; Small intestine resection; Hysterectomy (uterus removal); Lumpectomy; Whipple surgery; Bladder removal; Colectomy (large bowel resection); Liver resection; Rectal resection; Removal of testicle tumor; Throat cancer operation; Gastroectomy; Pancreatic cancer surgery; Bladder removal with reconstruction In practice since 1994","Ask about treatment"],["Jose Maria Raventos","Centro Médico Teknon Barcelona, Spain","Thyroid resection In practice since 1975","Ask about treatment"]],[["Specialist","Clinic","Operations and experience","Ask about treatment"],["Dan Fliss","Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov) Tel Aviv, Israel","Throat cancer operation; Tongue cancer surgery In practice since 1986","Ask about treatment"]],[["Specialist","Clinic","Operations and experience","Ask about treatment"],["Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerhard Prager","Wiener Privatklinik (WPK) Vienna, Austria","Thyroid resection; Small intestine resection In practice since 1997","Ask about treatment"]]]},{"id":"programmes","title":"Programmes and prices","text":"Programmes and prices Sources (6) Comprehensive Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Cancer at the Certified Thyroid Cancer Center, Academic Hospital of the University of Cologne Diffusive-toxic goiter Unilateral Thyroidectomy and Total Thyroidectomy BILATERAL NECK DISSECTION FOR ADVANCED HEAD & NECK CANCERS – REMOVAL OF LYMPH NODES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE NECK TOTAL GLOSSECTOMY COMPLETE REMOVAL OF THE TONGUE Thyroid resection","links":[{"label":"Medical Center in 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Treatment for Thyroid Cancer at the Certified Thyroid Cancer Center, Academic Hospital of the University of Cologne","Medical Center in Solingen","USD 24670.32 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes Comprehensive Surgical Treatment for Thyroid Cancer at the Certified Thyroid Cancer Center, Academic Hospital of the University of Cologne Included: Complex diagnostics of thyroid Included: Thyroid resection Included: Hospitalization + afterward hotel stay Included: Transfer airport-hotel-airport Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Additional activities not included Stay: 3 days in the hospital Stay: 3 days in the hotel Source differences Catalogue price: Amount: 22000.0; Currency: EUR; Subject: Price; Public programme price: Amount: 24670.32; Currency: USD; How the programme is displayed: The price shown on the public programme page is used. Subject: Stay; How the programme is displayed: Stay lengths use the units in the Duration section; nights in the page title are not converted to days.; Page title: Thyroid resection in Germany: Price & 3-Night All-Inclusive Package Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"],["Diffusive-toxic goiter","Anadolu Medical Center","USD 790.57 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes Diffusive-toxic goiter Included: Thyroid ultrasound Included: Biopsy Included: Consultation with an endocrinologist Included: Thyroid resection Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Additional activities not included Source differences Catalogue price: Amount: 705.0; Currency: EUR; Subject: Price; Public programme price: Amount: 790.57; Currency: USD; How the programme is displayed: The price shown on the public programme page is used. Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"],["Unilateral Thyroidectomy and Total Thyroidectomy","Intrarat Hospital","USD 9532 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes Unilateral Thyroidectomy and Total Thyroidectomy Included: Thyroid resection Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Hotel Excluded: Additional activities not included Excluded: Accommodation is not included Excluded: Transfer is not included Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"],["BILATERAL NECK DISSECTION FOR ADVANCED HEAD & NECK CANCERS – REMOVAL OF LYMPH NODES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE NECK","Anadolu Medical Center","USD 11600 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes BILATERAL NECK DISSECTION FOR ADVANCED HEAD & NECK CANCERS – REMOVAL OF LYMPH NODES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE NECK Included: Lymph node dissection Included: Complex treatment of thyroid cancer Included: Tongue cancer surgery Included: Throat cancer operation Included: Consultation with an anesthesiologist Included: General anesthesia Included: Blood tests Included: Medical Examination for pre-operation Included: Post-op medications Included: Electrocardiogram (ECG) Included: Hospitalization Included: Transfer airport-clinic-airport Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Hotel Excluded: Additional activities not included Stay: Additional source terms: BILATERAL NECK DISSECTION REMOVAL OF LYMPH NODES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE NECK The procedure is performed by experienced Head and Neck Oncology surgeons with a strong focus on precise lymph node management and oncological safety while maintaining international surgical standards. Included services Hospital stay for 5 days Accommodation for one accompanying person Surgery under general anesthesia Anesthesiologist consultation Assistant surgeon during the procedure Standard pathology examination Pre-operative and post-operative medications during hospitalization The daily inpatient fee includes routine medications and consumables, standard laboratory tests, ward-based imaging when required, continuous medical follow-up and nursing care provided by the oncology team, as well as hospital bed and companion accommodation. Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"],["TOTAL GLOSSECTOMY COMPLETE REMOVAL OF THE TONGUE","Anadolu Medical Center","USD 18200 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes TOTAL GLOSSECTOMY COMPLETE REMOVAL OF THE TONGUE Included: Partial Glossectomy Included: Tongue cancer surgery Included: Consultation with an anesthesiologist Included: General anesthesia Included: Medical Examination for pre-operation Included: Preoperative tests Included: Post-op medications Included: Blood tests Included: Electrocardiogram (ECG) Included: Hospitalization Included: Transfer airport-clinic-airport Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Hotel Excluded: Additional activities not included Stay: Additional source terms: The surgery is performed by specialized Head and Neck Oncology surgeons focusing on oncological safety and functional preservation whenever medically feasible. Included services: hospital stay for 10 days, accommodation for one accompanying person, surgery under general anesthesia, anesthesiologist consultation, assistant surgeon during the procedure, standard pathology examination, pre-operative and post-operative medications during hospitalization, routine medications and consumables during inpatient stay, standard laboratory tests, ward-based imaging when required, continuous medical follow-up and nursing care provided by the oncology team, hospital bed and companion accommodation. Excluded services: chemotherapy drugs and chemotherapy administration, radiotherapy treatments, additional interventional or surgical procedures, advanced imaging and pathology examinations such as MRI, CT or PET-CT, blood products, consultations from other medical departments, high-cost medications or consumables, and external laboratory services. Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"],["Thyroid resection","Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital","USD 13000 Bookimed offer , Oct 2026","What the programme includes Thyroid resection Included: Thyroid resection Included: VIP transfer (premium vehicle service, all transfers between airport, hotel and clinic) Excluded: Airfare Excluded: Additional activities not included Excluded: Accommodation is not included Read the public programme source","Ask about treatment"]]]},{"id":"research","title":"References and further reading","text":"References and further reading Thyroid_head_neck surgery surgeons Hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy for well differentiated T1-2 N0 thyroid cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Comparative effectiveness of total thyroidectomy versus hemithyroidectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching. Survival Outcomes in T3 Laryngeal Cancers: Primary Total Laryngectomy vs. Concurrent Chemoradiation or Radiation Therapy-A Meta-Analysis. Pharyngocutaneous Fistula Following Primary Total Laryngectomy: a Meta-analysis. Elective neck dissection in patients with radio-recurrent and radio-residual squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx undergoing salvage total laryngectomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Comparison of oncological outcomes between transoral laser microsurgery and open partial laryngectomy in T2 glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement. Superior Regional Control and Laryngeal Function Preservation With Radiotherapy Versus Partial Laryngectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of 562 Early Glottic Cancer Patients. Locoregional recurrence after transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: long-term outcomes in 10,504 patients.","links":[{"label":"Thyroid_head_neck surgery surgeons","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/surgeons-organ-thyroid-head-neck/"},{"label":"Hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41377887/"},{"label":"Hemithyroidectomy versus total thyroidectomy for well differentiated T1-2 N0 thyroid cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33022150/"},{"label":"Comparative effectiveness of total thyroidectomy versus hemithyroidectomy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42894139/"},{"label":"Survival Outcomes in T3 Laryngeal Cancers: Primary Total Laryngectomy vs. Concurrent Chemoradiation or Radiation Therapy-A Meta-Analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37626625/"},{"label":"Pharyngocutaneous Fistula Following Primary Total Laryngectomy: a Meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36687232/"},{"label":"Elective neck dissection in patients with radio-recurrent and radio-residual squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx undergoing salvage total laryngectomy: Systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31400188/"},{"label":"Total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy for unilateral papillary thyroid cancer and lateral lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41337976/"},{"label":"Total Thyroidectomy vs Lobectomy for Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746657/"},{"label":"Comparison of oncological outcomes between transoral laser microsurgery and open partial laryngectomy in T2 glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41845117/"},{"label":"Superior Regional Control and Laryngeal Function Preservation With Radiotherapy Versus Partial Laryngectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of 562 Early Glottic Cancer Patients.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39840447/"},{"label":"Locoregional recurrence after transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: long-term outcomes in 10,504 patients.","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42622655/"}]},{"id":"request","title":"Request a treatment proposal","text":"Request a treatment proposal Share your diagnosis and reports through the Bookimed request form.","links":[]},{"id":"request-form","title":"Ask about treatment","text":"Ask about treatment What would you like help with? Answer a few questions on Bookimed, then add your contact details to request help. Privacy policy Open the Bookimed request form","links":[{"label":"Privacy policy","url":"https://us-uk.bookimed.com/page/privacy-policy/"}]}],"introduction":"Oncologic surgery guide / thyroid_head_neck Decision guide thyroid_head_neck For thyroid cancer, two separate choices are how much thyroid to remove and how to reach it. Research project led by Yevhenii Kozlov · Co-Founder of Bookimed Updated 21 October 2026 Sources linked throughout","related_documents":[{"id":"oncologic-surgery","title":"Oncologic surgery: explore care by organ","kind":"home","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/","json_url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/page-contexts/oncologic-surgery.json"},{"id":"clinic-5615","title":"Medical Park Antalya Hospital Complex","kind":"clinic-profile","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-5615/","json_url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-5615/#page-context"},{"id":"clinic-410","title":"Memorial Bahçelievler Hospital","kind":"clinic-profile","url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-410/","json_url":"https://hub.bookimed.com/oncologic-surgery/clinic-410/#page-context"},{"id":"surgeon-bookimed-323","title":"Jaroslav 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